Threat and Error Management (TEM) Training Course: A Proactive Approach to Flight Safety

The Threat and Error Management (TEM) model is a cornerstone of modern aviation safety, providing a practical framework for flight crews and other operational personnel to recognize and manage threats and errors before they can lead to an incident or accident. This training course is specifically designed to equip aviation professionals with the skills to apply TEM principles in their daily operations. Participants will learn how to identify potential threats in a dynamic operational environment, recognize and recover from human errors, and utilize crew and organizational resources to build robust defenses.

This program goes beyond theoretical concepts, focusing on the practical application of TEM in real-world scenarios. Through interactive exercises, case studies, and crew resource management (CRM) simulations, you will gain hands-on experience in managing threats from external factors, internal operational conditions, and human performance limitations. By the end of this course, you will have a deep understanding of how to proactively mitigate risks and enhance operational safety, contributing to a more resilient and secure aviation system.

Target Audience

  • Pilots and Flight Crew
  • Air Traffic Controllers
  • Maintenance and Engineering Personnel
  • Aviation Safety Managers and Officers
  • Dispatchers and Flight Planners
  • Ground Handling Supervisors
  • Crew Resource Management (CRM) Instructors
  • Aviation Security Officers

Duration

5 days

Course Objectives

Upon completion of this course, participants will be able to:

  • Define and apply the core principles of the TEM model.
  • Differentiate between threats, errors, and undesired aircraft states.
  • Proactively identify and manage potential threats in the operational environment.
  • Recognize and respond effectively to errors made by themselves or others.
  • Utilize the available resources to build effective defenses and barriers.
  • Understand the impact of human factors on threat and error management.
  • Integrate TEM principles into their daily decision-making processes.
  • Conduct a basic TEM analysis of a safety event.

Course Content

Module 1: Introduction to TEM

  • The evolution of safety thinking from human error to TEM
  • Defining the TEM model: threats, errors, and countermeasures
  • The relationship between TEM and Crew Resource Management (CRM)
  • The role of TEM in an organization's Safety Management System (SMS)
  • Case studies of incidents where TEM could have made a difference

Module 2: Threats and Threat Management

  • Classification of threats: environmental, organizational, and operational
  • Recognizing threats in pre-flight planning and in-flight operations
  • Proactive strategies for managing threats
  • The importance of threat briefing and anticipation
  • Examples of external and internal threats

Module 3: Errors and Error Management

  • Types of human errors: slips, lapses, and mistakes
  • Identifying errors in real-time
  • Error detection and recovery techniques
  • The concept of the "error chain"
  • Understanding the role of a "just culture" in reporting errors

Module 4: Undesired Aircraft States

  • Defining an undesired aircraft state and its consequences
  • The link between errors and undesired states
  • Strategies for recovering from undesired states
  • The importance of timely intervention
  • Case studies of incidents involving undesired states

Module 5: Countermeasures and Defenses

  • The role of countermeasures as barriers to threats and errors
  • Types of countermeasures: individual, team, and organizational
  • Use of checklists and standard operating procedures (SOPs) as defenses
  • The importance of cross-checking and verification
  • The role of technology in providing countermeasures

Module 6: Human Factors and TEM

  • Understanding the impact of fatigue and stress on performance
  • The role of communication and assertiveness
  • Decision-making models in high-stress environments
  • The influence of situational awareness on TEM
  • Teamwork and leadership in managing threats and errors

Module 7: TEM in Flight Operations

  • Applying TEM during pre-flight and ground operations
  • Managing threats and errors during takeoff and climb
  • TEM during the cruise and descent phases
  • Application of TEM during the approach and landing
  • Debriefing and lessons learned from a TEM perspective

Module 8: TEM in Air Traffic Control (ATC)

  • Identifying threats in the ATC environment
  • Managing errors and communication breakdowns
  • The use of technology as a countermeasure
  • Teamwork between controllers and pilots
  • Case studies of TEM in an ATC context

Module 9: TEM in Maintenance and Ground Operations

  • Threats and errors in aircraft maintenance
  • Use of standard maintenance practices and checklists
  • Error management in ground handling and fueling
  • The role of communication between maintenance and flight crews
  • Case studies of maintenance-related incidents

Module 10: Practical Application and Assessment

  • Interactive TEM simulation exercises
  • Group debriefing and analysis of simulation outcomes
  • Final written assessment and scenario-based testing
  • Discussion on integrating TEM into organizational culture
  • Developing a personal action plan for applying TEM

CERTIFICATION

  • Upon successful completion of this training, participants will be issued with Macskills Training and Development Institute Certificate

TRAINING VENUE

  • Training will be held at Macskills Training Centre. We also tailor make the training upon request at different locations across the world.

AIRPORT PICK UP AND ACCOMMODATION

  • Airport Pick Up is provided by the institute. Accommodation is arranged upon request

TERMS OF PAYMENT

Payment should be made to Macskills Development Institute bank account before the start of the training and receipts sent to info@macskillsdevelopment.com

For More Details call: +254-114-087-180

 

Threat And Error Management (tem) Training Course: A Proactive Approach To Flight Safety in South Africa
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